Hyaline Membrane Disease in Premature Infants: A Retrospective Study
S. Benracon *
National Reference Center for Neonatology and Nutrition, CHU Ibn Sina, Rabat, Morocco.
M. A. Redouani
National Reference Center for Neonatology and Nutrition, CHU Ibn Sina, Rabat, Morocco.
I. Ouadghiri
National Reference Center for Neonatology and Nutrition, CHU Ibn Sina, Rabat, Morocco.
A. Barkat
National Reference Center for Neonatology and Nutrition, CHU Ibn Sina, Rabat, Morocco.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Introduction: Hyaline membrane disease (HMD) is an anatomoclinical entity related to a quantitative or qualitative insufficiency of pulmonary surfactant.
Patients and Methods: This was a retrospective study conducted at the National Reference Center for Neonatology and Nutrition, spread over a period of one and a half years.
Results: Antenatal corticotherapy was given in only 20% of cases. Pregnancy pathology was divided between preeclampsia, gestational diabetes and gestational hypertension. 66.6% of deliveries were by caesarean section before the onset of labour. Mean gestational age was 33.9± 1.5 weeks' amenorrhea, with 10% of patients less than 30 weeks' amenorrhea of gestational age. Mean weight was 1677 ± 463 g. The very low birth weight population (birth weight< 1500) represented 46.6%. Females predominated, with a sex ratio of 1.12. Tracheal intubation with respiratory assistance was used in 66.6% of cases. 73% of neonates received exogenous surfactant, due to the extent of hypoxemia. Progression was favourable in only 26% of cases.
Conclusion: In Morocco, Hyaline membrane disease is a major cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality, requiring rapid diagnosis and early management.
Keywords: Hyaline membrane disease, Antenatal corticotherapy