https://journalajpr.com/index.php/AJPR <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Asian Journal of Pediatric Research</strong>&nbsp;<strong>(ISSN: 2582-2950)</strong> aims to publish&nbsp;high-quality&nbsp;papers in all aspects of&nbsp;‘Pediatric Research’. This journal facilitates the research and wishes to publish papers as long as they are technically correct, scientifically motivated. The journal also encourages the submission of useful reports of negative results. This is a quality controlled,&nbsp;OPEN&nbsp;peer-reviewed, open access INTERNATIONAL journal.</p> Asian Journal of Pediatric Research en-US Asian Journal of Pediatric Research 2582-2950 https://journalajpr.com/index.php/AJPR/article/view/30143 <p><strong>Aims: </strong>To study the clinical profile of HIV infected children and correlate them with the CD4 count at the time of presentation.</p> <p><strong>Study Design: </strong>Hospital based observational study</p> <p><strong>Place and Duration of Study: </strong>ART centre of SCBMCH and Department of Pediatrics, SVPPGIP, Cuttack, Odisha during the period October 2017 to September 2019.</p> <p><strong>Methodology: </strong>All children aged between 1.5 to 15 years who were confirmed to be HIV positive by ELISA or immunocomb II, either at present or past were included in the study. They were subjected to CD4 count testing, along with nutritional assessment and screened for opportunistic infections, apart from their socio-demographic details. All quantitative variables including age, weight, height, were compared by unpaired t-test. Categorical variables like sex mode of transmission were compared by chi-square test. Variables like clinical staging, immunological staging and CD4 counts were measured at presentation and analyzed with repeated ANOVA at 5% level of significance to allow for multiple comparisons. P&lt;0.05 was considered significant and inferences were drawn.</p> <p><strong>Results:</strong> Out of 103 cases, majority belonged to age 4- 7 years and 59.2% were malnourished. 24.3% were asymptomatic, with the most common clinical features noted were fever (65%), cough (47.8%), recurrent diarrhoea (41.8%) and weight loss (40.8%). The incidence of opportunistic infections was 24.3%, with tuberculosis (40%) and herpes zoster (36%) leading the list. Most cases (37.87%) came under WHO clinical stage-III. A significant correlation was found between CD4 count and age, WHO clinical staging, opportunistic infections in the population. Lower CD4 counts were associated with younger age, lower staging and less risk for symptoms and infections.</p> <p><strong>Conclusion</strong><strong>:</strong> CD4 count is a reliable market to assess the staging and risk for opportunistic infections in pediatric HIV and thus can be used as screening tool for complications/ deterioration in the child, for better management.</p> Archana Mishra Narendra Nath Soren Sristi Ganguly ##submission.copyrightStatement## 2020-07-31 2020-07-31 1 8 10.9734/ajpr/2020/v4i230143 https://journalajpr.com/index.php/AJPR/article/view/30144 <p>Neonatal jaundice is defined as the yellowish discoloration of the skin and sclera due to accumulation of unconjugated bilirubin. This is common in newborns and if not detected and treated early can lead to severe morbidity and mortality.</p> <p><strong>Aim:</strong> The aim of the study was to analyze the knowledge, attitude and practices of mothers in Bingham University Teaching Hospital on Neonatal Jaundice.</p> <p><strong>Method:</strong> This was a descriptive cross-sectional study which was carried out among mothers coming for ante and post-natal clinics in Bingham University Teaching Hospital from March to June 2019, using consecutive sampling of mothers that came for ante and post-natal services that consented to the study. The knowledge, attitude and practice of Neonatal Jaundice (NNJ) was assessed using a pretested questionnaire which was analyzed using SPSS version 22.</p> <p><strong>Results:</strong> The results showed that 80% of mothers &gt;40 years are able to define jaundice correctly compared to the 30% in mothers &lt;26 years. Thirty-seven percent of mothers did not know any single cause of NNJ. Knowledge on NNJ was significantly associated with occupation, education and parity with fisher’s exact test of 0.045, 0.034 and 0.026 respectively.&nbsp; Only 16% of the mothers knew that phototherapy is the major form of treatment for NNJ, most will expose their babies to sunlight. Some traditional beliefs about the cause of NNJ includes bad blood, bad breastmilk, change in weather and evil eye.</p> <p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> There is need for more health education talks, campaigns and enlightenment of mothers on NNJ.</p> M. Shehu H. Shehu T. O. Ubanyi ##submission.copyrightStatement## 2020-08-05 2020-08-05 9 19 10.9734/ajpr/2020/v4i230144