Clinical, Therapeutic, and Evolutionary Aspects of Stevens-Johnson Syndrome and Lyell's Syndrome in the Pediatric Department of the University Hospital Center of Libreville: Report of Two Clinical Cases
Loembe. FC *
Pediatric Department, University of Health Sciences (USS), Libreville, Gabon and Pediatric Department of the University Hospital Center of Libreville (CHUL), Libreville, Gabon.
Mintsa. EL
Pediatric Department, University of Health Sciences (USS), Libreville, Gabon and University Hospital Center Mother-Child Jeanne EBORI (CHUMEJ), Libreville, Gabon.
Mekame. A E
Pediatric Department, University of Health Sciences (USS), Libreville, Gabon and University Hospital Center Mother-Child Jeanne EBORI (CHUMEJ), Libreville, Gabon.
Midili T L
Pediatric Department, University of Health Sciences (USS), Libreville, Gabon and University Hospital Center Mother-Child Jeanne EBORI (CHUMEJ), Libreville, Gabon.
Minto’o R.S
Pediatric Department, University of Health Sciences (USS), Libreville, Gabon and Pediatric Department of the University Hospital Center of Libreville (CHUL), Libreville, Gabon.
Nzame.Y
Pediatric Department, University of Health Sciences (USS), Libreville, Gabon and Pediatric Department of the University Hospital Center of Libreville (CHUL), Libreville, Gabon.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Objective: The objective of this study is to report two pediatric cases of Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), highlighting the clinical, therapeutic, and evolutionary aspects of these conditions.
Study Design: This is a case study conducted at the University Hospital Center of Libreville in Gabon, involving two children aged 3 and 5 years, diagnosed with SJS and TEN, respectively. The cases were observed and followed over several weeks, with the collection of clinical, biological, and evolutionary data for each patient.
Methodology: Both children developed symptoms after taking medications, including antibiotics and anti-inflammatory drugs. Data were collected through clinical examinations, laboratory tests, and radiographs. Management included intensive care, antibiotic therapy, corticosteroids, local care, and electrolyte supplementation.
Results: Both cases showed progressive improvement of symptoms, including a reduction in skin lesions and normalization of electrolytes. However, sequelae such as keratoconjunctivitis and liver dysfunction persisted, although the patients were discharged with favorable outcomes after intensive follow-up.
Conclusion: These cases underscore the importance of early recognition and a multidisciplinary approach in the management of SJS and TEN. Despite the challenges in resource-limited settings, appropriate management can significantly improve outcomes. Early intervention and rigorous follow-up are crucial to minimize complications and promote healing.
Keywords: Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis, pediatrics, intensive care, multidisciplinary care, Africa