Paediatric Nephrotic Syndrome at Gabriel Touré University Hospital, Mali: A 30-Month Cross-Sectional Study
Traoré Kalirou *
Department of Paediatrics, Gabriel Toure University Hospital, Mali.
Sacko Karamoko
Department of Paediatrics, Gabriel Toure University Hospital, Mali.
Maiga Belco
Department of Paediatrics, Gabriel Toure University Hospital, Mali.
Konaré Hawa
Department of Paediatrics, Gabriel Toure University Hospital, Mali.
Konaté Djeneba
Department of Paediatrics, Gabriel Toure University Hospital, Mali.
Dembélé Adama
Department of Paediatrics, Gabriel Toure University Hospital, Mali.
Touré Amadou
Department of Paediatrics, Gabriel Toure University Hospital, Mali.
Traoré Fousseyni
Department of Paediatrics, Gabriel Toure University Hospital, Mali.
Koné Salia
Department of Paediatrics, Gabriel Toure University Hospital, Mali.
Dembélé Hawa
Paediatrics Department, Mali Gavardo Hospital, Mali.
Cissé Mohamed Elmouloud
Department of Paediatrics, Gabriel Toure University Hospital, Mali.
Coulibaly Oumar
Department of Paediatrics, Gabriel Toure University Hospital, Mali.
Togo Pierre
Department of Paediatrics, Gabriel Toure University Hospital, Mali.
Doumbia Abdoul Karim
Department of Paediatrics, Gabriel Toure University Hospital, Mali.
Maiga Leyla
Department of Paediatrics, Gabriel Toure University Hospital, Mali.
Sidibé Lala N’drainy
Department of Paediatrics, Gabriel Toure University Hospital, Mali.
Doumbia Aminata
Department of Paediatrics, Gabriel Toure University Hospital, Mali.
Ouattara Arouna
Department of Paediatrics, Gabriel Toure University Hospital, Mali.
Traore Bory
Department of Paediatrics, Gabriel Toure University Hospital, Mali.
Diarra Mohamed
Kalabankoro Referal Health Centre, Mali.
Coulibaly Yacouba
Department of Paediatrics, Gabriel Toure University Hospital, Mali.
Simaga Tati
Department of Paediatrics, Gabriel Toure University Hospital, Mali.
Sangaré Aboubacar
Paediatrics Department, Mali University Hospital, Mali.
Diarra Lassina
Département D’imagerie Centre, Hospitalier Universitaire Gabriel Toure, Mali.
Diakité Abdoul Aziz
Department of Paediatrics, Gabriel Toure University Hospital, Mali.
Dicko Fatoumata
Department of Paediatrics, Gabriel Toure University Hospital, Mali.
Togo Boubacar
Department of Paediatrics, Gabriel Toure University Hospital, Mali.
Sylla Mariam
Department of Paediatrics, Gabriel Toure University Hospital, Mali.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Introduction: Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is biologically defined by hypoalbuminemia below 30 g/L and proteinuria above 50 mg/kg/day or above 200 g/mol of urinary creatinine in a sample. It is one of the most common glomerular nephropathies occurring in children between the ages of 2 and 7, often following an infectious or allergic trigger.
Materials and Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study over a 30-month period from January 1, 2018, to June 30, 2020, among children aged 0 to 15 years admitted to the pediatric department of the Gabriel TOURE University Hospital for nephrotic syndrome.
Results: Over the 30-month period, we collected 65 files that met the inclusion criteria out of a total of 19,047 hospitalizations, representing a hospitalization rate of 0.34%. The average age was 7.15 ± 3.92, with extremes ranging from 1 to 14 years. The sex ratio was 2.82. Twenty-four-hour proteinuria was between 100 and 200 mg/kg/day in 64.6% of cases, and 4.7% had proteinuria greater than 300 mg/kg/day. All children received corticosteroid therapy.
Conclusion: NS is the most common kidney disease in children. Early treatment with corticosteroids and rigorous follow-up are essential, but remain difficult to implement in resource-limited settings.
Keywords: Nephrotic syndrome, child, paediatric, hypoalbuminemia