Arrhythmias and Conduction Abnormalities after Surgical Repair of Congenital Heart Disease
Mohanad Abdulhadi Saleh Lawgali *
Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Benghazi, Benghazi, Libya.
Marium Mohamed Mustafa
Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Benghazi, Benghazi, Libya.
Rasmia H. Feituri
Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Benghazi, Benghazi, Libya.
Faiaz Ragab Salem Halies
Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Benghazi, Benghazi, Libya.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Aims: To recognize cardiac arrhythmias and conduction abnormalities in children who underwent a surgical repair for congenital heart disease.
Patients and Methods: One hundred thirty one (131) patients underwent a surgical repair of congenital heart disease between 2000-2018, and follow-up period after surgery was from two months to eighteen years and our data was collected over 1 year “2018” by interview both children and parents, sixty-four patients (48.8%) were a cyanotic congenital heart disease (ACCHD),sixty-seven patients(51.1%) were cyanotic congenital heart disease (CCHD), (41.9%) were female, (58.1%) were male. Cyanotic congenital heart disease more common in male. These patients were evaluated by ECG to detect conduction abnormalities and arrhythmias, Holter monitoring in symptomatic patient.
Results: Types of abnormal heart rhythm found out by ECG, Holter monitoring, significant premature atrial contraction (PAC) in one patient post fontain, atrial fibrillation in two patients with post-operative (ASD) repaired. RBBB occur in 53 patients and was most common among post-operative (TOF) repaired (37 patients). Frequent ventricular ectopic in one patient with postoperative (TOF) repaired. Atrial tachycardia in one patient with Epstein anomaly, WPW in two patients with Epstein anomaly, complete heart blook in five patients, four of them post operative VSD repaired, one post fontain operation. Symptomatic bradycardia needs pace maker in one patient post fontan operation.
Conclusions: The Patient after repair of congenital heart defect needed follow-up for detection of arrhythmias, those with complex defect need more frequent follow-up because they prone more to arrhythmia than those with simple defect with no residual defect.
Keywords: Congenital heart disease, arrhythmias, Complex Congenital Heart Disease (CCHD), Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF), Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD), Atrial Septal Defect (ASD).